Many Americans might not have felt major effects from President Donald Trumpโs sweeping tariffs โ until now.
Thatโs because a major shipping loophole expired at one minute past midnight on Friday. The de minimis exemption, as itโs known, allowed shipments of goods worth $800 or less to come into the United States duty-free, often more or less skipping time-consuming inspections and paperwork.
The loophole helped reshape the way countless Americans shop, allowing ultra-low-cost Chinese e-commerce sites like Shein, Temu and AliExpress to pour everything from yarn to patio furniture, clothes to photography equipment and more into US homes.
Its impending end has rung alarm bells across social media, with a baseline tariff as high as 145% depending on the carrier set to take effect on Chinese imports, potentially more than doubling the cost for all those cheap products deal-hungry Americans scooped up.
And the end of the de minimis exemption for Chinese goods will also distill abstract, complicated, messy, hard-to-follow trade policy into something much easier to understand: a receipt.
Major carriers like UPS, FedEx, DHL and the United States Postal Service say theyโre prepared for the changes. The government says it, too, is set; a US Customs and Border Protection spokesperson told CNN that โWe are prepared and equipped to carry out enhanced package screenings and enforce orders effectively.โ
But whether regular American shoppers are ready for the changes is another matter.
Of tchotchkes and trade policy
When President Donald Trump initially closed the de minimis exemption for goods from Hong Kong and China earlier this year, chaos ensued.
USPS briefly stopped delivering parcels from China. Delivery times for parcels that did get shipped stretched longer, with limited information on package tracking in the US.
At the heart of the issue: the sheer volume of packages. More than 80% of total US e-commerce shipments in 2022 were de minimis imports, the vast majority of which come from China, according to a congressional research report.
CBP told CNN it currently processes โnearly 4 million duty-free de minimis shipments a day.โ Research indicates that a majority of those shipments come from China and Hong Kong. In total, over the last fiscal year, CBP said 1.36 billion packages came to the US under the de minimis exemption.
Thatโs a lot of dog bandanas, bead kits, frosting spatulas and tchotchkes. Regular Temu and Shein shoppers told CNN this week theyโve increasingly turned to the site as they feel made-in-the-USA products have gotten out of reach.
โI canโt afford to buy from Temu now, and I already couldnโt afford to buy in this country,โ Rena Scott, a 64-year-old retired nurse from Virginia, previously said to CNN Business.
Lower-income households will suffer the most from the end of cheap Chinese e-commerce sites. About 48% of de minimis packages shipped to the poorest zip codes in the United States, while 22% were delivered to the richest ones, according to February research from UCLA and Yale economists.
- distill into ~: ๋ณต์กํ ๊ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋จํ ~ ํํ๋ก ์ ๋ฆฌํ๋ค
The complex trade policy was distilled into a simple receipt.
๋ณต์กํ ๋ฌด์ญ ์ ์ฑ
์ด ๋จ์ํ ์์์ฆ ํ๋๋ก ์์ฝ๋์๋ค.
- Tchotchke: (๊ฐ์ธ๊ณ ์์) ์ฅ์ํ, ์ก๋์ฌ๋ [์ค๋ช
์์]
She bought a bunch of tchotchkes from the dollar store.
๊ทธ๋
๋ 1๋ฌ๋ฌ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์์ ์ก๋์ฌ๋ ์ฅ์ํ์ ํ๊ฐ๋ ์๋ค.
- out of reach: ์์ด ๋ฟ์ง ์๋, ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋น์ผ
Many made-in-USA products feel out of reach for low-income families.
๋ง์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ฐ ์ ํ๋ค์ด ์ ์๋์ธต ๊ฐ์ ์๋ ๋๋ฌด ๋น์ธ๊ฒ ๋๊ปด์ง๋ค.
๋๋๋ ํธ๋ผํ ์ ๋ํต๋ น์ด ์งํํ ๊ด๋ฒ์ํ ๊ด์ธ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ด์ ์ผ ๋ง์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์๋น์๋ค์๊ฒ ์ค์ง์ ์ธ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๊ธฐ ์์ํ๋ค. ๊ธ์์ผ ์์ ์งํ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ โ๋ ๋ฏธ๋๋ฏธ์ค(De minimis)โ ๋ฉด์ ์กฐํญ์ด ๋ง๋ฃ๋์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ด๋ค.
ํด๋น ๋ฉด์ ๋ 800๋ฌ๋ฌ ์ดํ์ ํด์ธ ์ง๊ตฌ ๋ฌผํ์ ๋ํด ๊ด์ธ ์์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ผ๋ก ๋ค์ฌ์ฌ ์ ์๊ฒ ํด์ฃผ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒ๊ฑฐ๋ก์ด ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ ์๋ฅ ์์
๋ ์๋ต๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์๋ค.
์ด ์กฐํญ ๋๋ถ์ ์๋ง์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์๋น์๋ค์ด ์ค๊ตญ์ ์ด์ ๊ฐ ์ ์์๊ฑฐ๋ ํ๋ซํผ์ธ Shein, Temu, ์๋ฆฌ์ต์คํ๋ ์ค ๋ฑ์ ํตํด ์ค๋ด ๊ฐ๊ตฌ, ์๋ฅ, ์ฌ์ง ์ฅ๋น ๋ฑ ๋ค์ํ ์ ํ์ ์์ฝ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ ์ ์์๋ค.
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ๋ฉด์ ์ข
๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋ค๊ฐ์ค์, SNS ์์์๋ ๊ด์ธ ํญํ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ ํ์ฐ๋๋ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ์
์ฒด์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ค๊ตญ์ฐ ์์
ํ์ ์ต๋ 145%์ ๊ด์ธ๊ฐ ๋ถ๊ณผ๋ ์ ์์ด, ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ ๋ ๋ฐฐ ์ด์์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๊ฒ ๋ ์ ๋ง์ด๋ค.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ธ๊ด๊ตญ๊ฒฝ๋ณดํธ์ฒญ(CBP)์ CNN์ โ๊ฐํ๋ ํ๋ฌผ ๊ฒ์ฌ ๋ฐ ์งํ์ ์ํ ์ค๋น๊ฐ ์๋ฃ๋๋คโ๊ณ ๋ฐํ๊ณ , UPS, FedEx, DHL, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฐ์ฒด๊ตญ(USPS) ๋ฑ ์ฃผ์ ์ด์ก์
์ฒด๋ค๋ ์ด์ ๋๋นํ๊ณ ์๋ค๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง ์ผ๋ฐ ์๋น์๋ค์ ์ฌ์ ํ ํผ๋์ค๋ฌ์ด ์ํฉ์ด๋ค.
์ฌํด ์ด ํธ๋ผํ ์ ๋ํต๋ น์ด ํ์ฝฉ๊ณผ ์ค๊ตญ์์ ์ค๋ ๋ฌผํ์ ๋ํด ๋ ๋ฏธ๋๋ฏธ์ค ๋ฉด์ ๋ฅผ ํ์งํ์ ๋น์์๋ ํฐ ํผ๋์ด ์์๋ค. USPS๋ ์ผ์์ ์ผ๋ก ์ค๊ตญ๋ฐ ํ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ค๋จํ๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์ก ์๊ฐ์ ๊ธธ์ด์ก์ผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ด ๋ฐฐ์ก ์ถ์ ๋ ์ด๋ ค์์ก๋ค.
2022๋
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ ์์๊ฑฐ๋ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ์ 80% ์ด์์ด ๋ ๋ฏธ๋๋ฏธ์ค ๋ฐฉ์์ด์๊ณ , ์ด ์ค ๋๋ค์๊ฐ ์ค๊ตญ์์ ์จ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค. ์ธ๊ด์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ๋ฃจ ํ๊ท ์ฝ 400๋ง ๊ฐ์ ๋ฉด์ธ ์ง๊ตฌ ํ๋ฌผ์ด ์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง๋ํด ์ด 13์ต 6์ฒ๋ง ๊ฑด์ ๋ฉด์ธ ํ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ๋ค์ด์๋ค.
์ด์ ์๋น์๋ค์ Temu์ Shein์์ 1๋ฌ๋ฌ์ง๋ฆฌ ์ ํ์ ๋๊ฑฐ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ค์์ง ์ ์๋ค. ํนํ ์ ์๋์ธต์ ํ๊ฒฉ์ด ํด ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ธ๋ค. UCLA์ ์์ผ๋์ ๊ณต๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ ์ฒด ๋ ๋ฏธ๋๋ฏธ์ค ๋ฐฐ์ก ์ค 48%๋ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ฐ๋ํ ์ง์ญ ์ฐํธ๋ฒํธ๋ก, 22%๋ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ถ์ ํ ์ง์ญ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์ก๋๋ค.